Growth Habit: Perennial herb, up to 24" tall, erect, becoming lodged with age.

Leaves: Alternate, lance-shaped and slightly irregular, grayish-green, base of upper leaves clasping stem.

Stem: Stoutish, branched toward top.

Flower: Small, white, 4 petals; numerous flower branches and dense flowers give plant a dense, white, flat-topped appearance.

Roots: Extensive horizontally and vertically, frequent shoots arising from root stocks.

Seeds: Reddish-brown, granular, egg-shaped, contained in heart-shaped pods.

Reproduction: Seeds, root stocks and creeping roots.

Biological Controls: None are used in Yellowstone County at this time.

Herbicides: Escort, Banvel & 2,4D